Automobile Industry Essay Example for Free

Automobile Industry EssayKey drivers of the machine sector argon stinting conditions, governments and regulations, consumer demands and interests, globalization and scientific innovations Gener solelyy, if the economic conditions ar constant and good, volume giveing seems willing to deal fomites more(prenominal) than ever in all told rough orb. In contrast, if economic conditions are bad, sales graphs will reverse and companies lead astray to lose m maviny. Firms should take root estimable production effects in either condition and this capacity exactly depends on economic circumstances.People are more conscious about what they except from a gondola simple machine and firms must satisfy these take ins to survive in this sector. in time luxury machinemotive brands start to get to low fuel consumptions engines, separatewise they will collapse promptly. As usual, globalization is nonpareil of the crucial pick out drivers of locomote manufacture equal all sector. After the globalization, brands start to do piece of musicnerships with each new(prenominal) to enter the different markets and they develop impertinent scientific innovations more bum and utilitarian all around the world. In addition to these factors, governments regulations are one of the major determinants of global auto manufacturing.The countrys legislation about emissions, milieu and recycling are the key factors of brands investments. In European Union, the mutual regulations order that emission rate is lower than other regions and as a final result of that firms should kindle accordingly to these legislations. The Automobile Market The railway automobile industry has become important after the globalization because people want to travel with more comfortably, safely and rapidly with their cars. Concordantly, while automobile sector is developing in any part of it, the global loony toons sector benefit from positively.For instance Rolls-Royce is produc ing both plane and car pushs and Volvo is producing car and sea boats engines as well as. So, firms help to enlarge and develop in every transportation tools, not all cars. The automobile industry consists of fuel, tire, and insurance firms. likewise, mostly the distinguished brands are doinging with ranking fashion companies such as Gucci(Fiat) and Hermes(Bugatti) and sound system companies like as Bang Olufsen (Audi, Mercedes, BMW, Aston Martin) and Naim (Bentley). On the other hand, after the globalization, automobile brands start to work together in some regions all around the world.They invest more money on RD departments and sharing their k like a shotledge to improve all transportation vehicles. Germany, United States, japan and Korean maturaters are the bestsellers all around the world. These countries mostly take control all over the world. Such as Volkswagen is one of the biggest companies in automobile sector and it has got several brands such as Audi, Lamborghini , Bentley, Bugatti and Seat. Company produces car for every segment. In addition, especially for the exsert decade, market start to go to produce more clean motors which do not harm to the environment. besides, they try to produce completely using electricity engines for all vehicles and using solar panels. As a result of that, the concept of climate change cause occurs a new market in automobile sector. Key Country Markets In this chapter of report, I will mention about Japan, United States, Germany and Korean automotive producers because Toyota and Honda from Japan are the best and most well-known brands, Volkswagen from Germany is the head of locomotive in this industry for all parts of it, GM and Ford are the biggest companies from United states and Hyundai, which is becoming more powerful in everyday from Korea.Volkswagen is the second best seller in 2012 after the GM and they are in front of Toyota. Generally, German cars are best vehicles that showed by automobile specialis ts from all over the word in every segment. Volkswagen, (if we look at the Exhibit 1) has got several different brands like Lamborghini, Bentley, Audi, Bugatti, Skoda and Seat. They have product range from low-consumption cars to the luxury vehicles, as a result of that they are producing well- spirit vehicles. Toyota and Honda are the most favorable brands from Japan against to the Statesn and German manufacturers.Toyota Corolla is the worlds best seller mass production model and Toyota has got victorful models as like Corolla too. In addition, Honda is one of the biggest and accomplished gasoline engine producers. Also, these two Japan brands are investing their money on hybrid and electric motor more than ever other brands. GM is best seller brand in 2011, they sold approximately ten million cars and they have got various vehicle models. GM has got various brands such as Chevrolet, Opel, Vauxhall, GMC, Buick and Cadillac. Also Ford is the one of the biggest key driver of the ma rket.Hyundai is one of the most developing auto brands for last decade. They start to produce well engines, comfortable and good looking cars. On the other hand, Hyundai is one of the biggest partnerships of Kia (%49. 2) which is the second biggest brand from Korea. As we roll in the hay see clearly, these 6 brands from 4 country of the world are the leaders of this sector. Also, they own various brands in their group and they are using this superiority against to the other brands. Sector Trends Brands should produce low-consumption engines and chase emission and governments regulations to survive.Nearly all automotive producers are using same technology on their vehicles they deal to work on these researches together to be more beneficial for humanity. For instance Mercedes-Benz and BMW are sharing RD departments studies with each other and both of them working together to develop new technologies. People are expecting more useful cars from producers like, they want both athlet ic and reliable vehicles, as a result of that firms has got new opportunities to constrain new model segments based on these requirements. Transportation vehicles are developing in every day and automobiles is one of the crucial parts of this situation.Firms are increasing their sales number in every year and they need to satisfy their customers requirements in a perfect way. Climate change is one of the determinants of this sector, so firms should pay attention to this hack seriously, they need to obey governments regulations and produce new technologies which will be not harmful for nature. Hybrid and electric engines will be the most popular trends in this sector next decades people would take clean engines and low-priced energy, so sector must be improved itself rapidly. Key Success Factor.In this sector there are several success factor which is stubborn by people and worlds requirements Firms must produce more secure cars because, if we compare transportation systems, motor way is the most dangerous one and, the number of accidents proofs it. Brands should work together on security services. For instance Volvo which is one of the securest brand on the world, claims that after 2020, any people will die in a traffic accident that drive a Volvo. Engines success based on the fuel-efficiency, not harmful for the environment and being long-life. These conditions should be priority for brands RD departments.Practicality needs to be developing parallel with previous items. People do not want to send various tools in the future they will further profane contently vehicles. The rising Outlook and Expectations of Automobile Sector People will need cars in the future more than now, producers need to satisfy this demand with new technology engines, they should create alternative energy resources which will be not harmful for the environment and firms need to develop preventative features to prevent traffic accidents. In the future people need transportation sys tems because of the longer distances, in every transportation way need to develop it.Brands need to improve driverless vehicles because market will tend in that way. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW The Automotive Industry Overview The automotive industry is one of the crucial sectors for humanity and it has been developing from industrial revolution to now. After the first engine was discover in 1885 by Karl Benz, engineers found various inventions to make easier of people life. Industry had developed too much nowadays, engineers work on different technological tools and they need to show pay attention many different regulations in todays world.At the beginning, the most important part was the engine but now automotive industry involves a wide range of business lines such as manufacture, design, development, marketing and selling motor vehicles, motorcycles. Last year, there were approximately one billion cars which are registered on the world and this number is increasing sharply year b y year. Parallel with that, consumes gasoline and diesel fuel multiply with every new car addict to the traffic. On the other hand, this sector employees thousands of people and creates new opportunities to unexploited countries.In addition to these informations about automobile sector, we should absolutely mention about the economy of which it creates and process. Currently, mostly the all automotive brands are owned by developed countries and they made their arse investments all around the world, especially undeveloped countries. After the globalization, firms square off to set-up their factories at low skilled labor force countries. However, this decision affects both sides positively, producers limits cost and undeveloped countries economies start to develop.According to the OICA (The International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers that, If vehicle manufacturing was a country it would be sixth largest economy in the world. in 2007. This shows that the region of aut omobile industry to the undeveloped countries economies. Also, the industries turnover 2 trillion dollars and if we comparing of this turnover of GDP with other economies in the world, proof that it can compete economic power of Italy, France or the UK. India is one of the greatest examples of the success at their economic improvement.Tata Motors, which Indian automobile brand owned Jaguar and Land Rover last year and they developed it perfectly in 2 years. After these 2 years, Jaguar and Land Rover increased their profitability nearly in half(a) and when we think about these two brands are luxury brands, these numbers are spectacular. On the other hand, firms expanding nearly 85 billion dollars on Research discipline departments. These budgets shaped by customers demand, so this sector is one of the innovative ones and it still produce new technologies.However, automobile sector has got unfavorable situations like economic crises. If we make a research about when firms sales num bers decreased or companies made loss we will realize that on that era, world or the some regions is in economic crises. For instance last biggest economic crises in 2008, when we look at the production number, it will decrease nearly %12. 7 compare to the previous year. These numbers are same with the other economic crises and automobile sector affect from them firstly. Key Country Markets United States.Todays world America is the one of the worlds biggest automotive producer with two brand GM and Ford. GM has got various sub-brands in itself from different segments. These two brands sell their cars all over the world and both of them are most knowable automobile producers. However, in 2008, worlds biggest economic crises occurred GM was nearly bankrupt in an unbelievable way. This means, world would lost one of the old and essential brands, thousands of people would lost their job and American economy got hurt again after the Lehman Brothers.Hopefully government decided to help GM and they saved the firm quickly. Japan Toyota is the most valuable automobile producer in the world its net value is 131 billion dollars. Also one of the models, Corolla is the best seller model one the world and it has been sold nearly forty million from 1966 to 2012. In addition to the Toyota, Honda is another successful Japan auto brand too. They have got accomplished sales numbers and firm is producing one of the best gasoline engines. According to the consumers, Toyota could be the best competitor against to the German auto makers.Firm is producing in same quality with Germans but they are selling them cheaper than German brands. This is Toyotas major successful strategy also, company uses Japans engineering and technology which is the worlds best ones. They produced worlds first hybrid car and investing a huge part of their money on electric, clean and cheap motors. Germany The locomotive of the industry is Volkswagen the right way now and it will not change for two or three decades. Only the Volkswagens value is 76. 3 billion dollars and company has got several brands likeAudi (28. 5 billion$), Porsche (15.3billion$), Lamborghini, Bentley, Bugatti, Seat and Skoda. This German brand is producing most usable models with low-consumption engines, low prices and the safety of German engineering. Volkswagen is shaping the trends of the industry and other brands are following it right now. Firm has got different models from every consumer group and they make it an opportunity to be successful in the future. Korean Asias economy is the worlds hurried growing economy in nowadays. They are growing better than Europe and United States, as a result of those brands of this region are developing too.Hyundai is only the one of them they are creating new models, developing current models and enter new markets. The firm move considerably forward when we compare a decade ago, their substructure and technological systems improver very well, also they are producing more reliable and comfortable vehicles. This Korean brand will be one of the serious auto brands in the future if they are going in that way. Economic Impact of Automobile Sector The automotive industry has a big impact on every economy, it consist nearly every economy in the world.Every country in the world has got a part from this sector and thousands of people work in this industry. It is really crucial for transportation sector because, firms are using or developing same motors on different transportation vehicles. On the other hand, auto sector has got great impact on countries economy. If a country has got a factory or some service area about this sector, it will include a huge part of countrys economy. For instance America worked really hard to save GM from the 2008 economic crises, they spend too much money because, if GM bankrupted, Americas economy will affect in deeply (if we look at Exhibit 3).Also, Ford decide to sale Aston Martin and Volvo at this era, these two brand had not good sales number and they will be harmful for the company if they do not sale them. Automobile brands have a great impact on countrys economy just like banks, executives should be careful about this issue seriously because it can be affect from economic crises easily so, they need to take a decision in long-term. Market Segmentation The automobile industry has a got long operation process it has various segments in it. Firstly, R D department research what people need or what they want from a vehicle.After that, this part start to make prototypes or create stereotypes which engineers and designers can build on these examples. Designers work on cars aerodynamic, shape and how it looks. In addition, engineers work on substructure parts of the car such as lights, engine, transmission and safety systems. While they are producing this prototype, they do various tests on car and finally they can send it to the dealers. Dealers, order number of cars and they prepare launches to intro duce cars to the customers. After the sale of car, the service department starts to interest with car.They call them to the services periodically and customers can confer them anytime they have a problem with their car. Consequently, this industry has got major segment such as R D department, designing and crating new technologies, before sale and set about together with market and customers. Finally, service department take care about our cars problem. Five Force Analyses Threats of New Entrants The automobile sector is could be most unsafe market on the world because you need to much money to invest on it, heritage is really important for customers and this sector is the first sector that moved(p) from economic crises.Otherwise, without any new technology or price policy you will not survive much long and if someone decides to build up an automobile company, he/she will definitely work with local government. On the other hand, if someone wants to get this sector, he/she has g ot a change with new technological features. For instance Fisker and Tesla are the new entrants at this sector and they invest their money on clean, hybrid and electrical engines. They also try to design good-looking car with solar panels and other recyclable energies.Bargaining Power of Suppliers In this case bargaining power of suppliers is not really strong. It is not powerful as healthcare sector or another sector because if people do not want to buy a private car, they can choose other transportation ways or the can choose nothing. However, in healthcare sector people absolutely need doctors, hospitals or medicine to survive but it is not same for this sector. In addition, globalization affect make peoples life easier and human being are used to it and buying a private car became a priority after purchasing a house.Generally, if a person owns a house, he/she will buy a car with how much money he/she got. This is the strongest part of the sector unfortunately it has got negati ves parts too. Bargaining Power of Buyers These sectors trends and demand is shaped by customers preferences, so the bargaining power of buyers is really strong. If humans do not like a model, they will not buy it and producers stop to produce it but if they like it producer need to produce it as much as it can to be successful.Right now, the demand on this sector is low-consumption engines and be not harmful to the environment so producers start to produce models and engines in this way, otherwise they cannot be able to sell a car. Availability of Substitutes In automobile industry, the availability of substitutes is not actually but there is only one way to change it is create new substructure concepts in the sector. For instance Tesla and Fisker do that in a perfect way, they only focalisation on hybrid and electric engines and people recognize them with these concepts at everywhere.You cannot change industry but you can be able to change its direction. Intensity of Existing ar gument There are many brands on the market, even in one country own more than one automobile brand, as a result of that the intensity of existing rivalry is really high. As I mentioned before that, there are five leader brands in the market but other big or small brands are successful as like them too. The most important think is the design of the automobile but now it has got no meaning because firms are usually work with same designers and models are not changing too much even in different brands.However, the most combative concept is price policy according to the governments tax payments systems. Key Success Factors for Automobile Sector There are different types of key success factor for automobile sector are based on the region, substructure features, purchase power. Producers need to show pay attention to these factors because it will definitive their sales numbers and profitability. The most important factor knows the region very well. I mean dealers and head quarter of the brand should be aware of the consumers requirements. Also they need to sale cars which are not be against to the governments legislations.For instance European Union has got sharp and certain laws about carbon dioxide emission, so dealers need to way on engines which are consuming few. However, United States not sign Kyoto Protocol, so they do not have any legislation for emissions right now, dealers can focus on high mass engines. In addition to the region, substructure features are crucial for auto makers because people always want to buy a car which has got advanced features even they will never use them. However, conscious consumer will demand low-consumption engines and brands need to produce engines according to that demand.In other words, firms need to decide their target audience perfectly and producing substructure features with these conditions. Lastly, the third factor is purchase power. In my opinion, this factor is the most crucial determinant in this sector because ev ery brand starts to produce in same quality vehicles. However they need to know countrys economies and sale their models in that way (if we look at Exhibit 4). For instance America one of the highest purchase power countries in the world and they really like to own cool, luxurious and spectacular cars, they can buy two three or even more than these number cars.In contrast, European nations have got the same purchase power but they want to buy one or two cars and they are looking to being useful, low consumption and quality vehicles. The Future of Automobile Sector In the future, transportation systems will be developing in all around the world because people want to move from A to B faster, comfortably, safely and cheaply. Producers need to know these requirements and produce car with these features. Firstly, brands need to focus on low-consumption cars, I mean hybrid and electric engines because they are cheaper than current technology and governments provide laws for this situatio n.Secondly, they need to produce safety cars than now because people will demand on secure system in the future. On the other hand, they need to produce usable cars such as Audis All Road, they have been developed for all road conditions and you can use them only in one car. Consequently, people will never forget or reject driving a car but producers need to answer climate, people and governments requirements. If someone produce a car with low price and cost with cover a long distance in a comfortably they will become the most successful brand in the world.

The Kennewick Man Essay Example for Free

The Kennewick humans EssayWhen we think of prehistoric bones and fossils we think of dinosaurs and creatures of huge amount of size, merely the findings of Kennewick Man changed the very(prenominal) thought of prehistoric beings. So exactly who is the Kennewick Man and why is he so important? wherefore is he given such a name as to Kennewick Man? Why would anyone want to fight and file lawsuits on each other to for a pile of old mothy bones? Well thats what is found here on the case of Kennewick Man. Scientist and domestic Americans just cant keep their hands off this rare specimen. Why does one deserve Kennewick Man either over the other? What values does he hold for them? Can Kennewick Man do anything to sustain either the internal Americans of scientist?Even though autochthonic Americans deserve the yet outs to the Kennewick Man, scientist fuck off just as a good deal rights to look at Kennewick Man because the comprehension that they will perform could unc over much truth of the past and scientist discoveries from this specimen could even help us human beings in the future to come.Who exactly is the Kennewick Man? Thousands of years ago Kennewick man lived and track down in what is now Washington State. His tribe was among the first to cross the land bridge into North America. He had a hard life and lived with many wicked injuries, including a spear point embedded in his pelvis. He later died in his forties and was buried by his kinsman.Scientist has the rights to study Kennewick Man. In previous centuries archeologists were inwardness simply to find objects. Today, armed with computer, laboratory analysis, theories rough society and culture, and a wide range of questions about human development and migration, scientist now need the tools to roll light on the origins of the first Americans. In other words- we have the tools and the technology, so why not use them? Archeology is especially important and useful in helping us to un derstand people and events about which little or nothing has been written.The past would be surely lost unless we defend out right to learn about the heritage of all Americans. This evidence must be preserved, and scientist must be allowed to study it, if we hope to indentify and understand the lives of the earliest Americans. Science offers the shape to test hypotheses using factualevidence. We must keep our country free for exploring and expressing all views and explanations of our past. We must insist that good scientific methods be practiced, free of governmental motives.Is the Kennewick Man really a part of the Native American tribe or is this just a story thats known upon the Indians to tell? If Kennewick Man were actually Caucasian, it would be a startling discovery. So far, all of the oldest North American skeletons have been of Asian descent, although features on a few skulls have been polemically interpreted as Caucasoid. Another possibility is that the first Americans and their Asian ancestors had features that were Caucasoid. The real test of these theories would be DNA, which can pinpoint which modern populations are most well related to the skeleton and so help identify the ancestors of early Americans and perhaps give clues to their migration patterns.Kennewick Man resembled the South Asians and the Ainu people of northeast Asia. The Ainu migrated to North America over eight-thousand years ago and died out some eight-thousand years later. The story that unfolded was unexpected his bones seemed to say that he belonged to no Native American group verbalise by Glover. This revealed that Kennewick Man was of no descent of the Umatilla Indians and therefore NAGRA does not go through. What the scientists say about the importance of the Kennwick Man stated by a Dr. Bonnichsen, professor of anthropology as OSUOnly through scientific study of important discoveries such as Kennewick Man can objective knowledge of Americas rich and assorted past b e developed and fully appreciated by all communities who have stake in the past.He The Kennewick Man is going to continue to reshape our thoughts about how the world was populated. Doug Owsley is forensic anthropologist for the National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. We all share the past and not one person owns it, thus, science should be conducted to uncover the truth for all people for all time.The Native Americans believe that digging up their ancestors graves is the wrong personal manner to go. With the act in effect, Native American Graves Protectionand Repatriation Act, or NAGPRA. NAGPRA states that anything, especially religious burial items (this including peoples remains), that is affiliated with a modern tribe is referred to as their property. As the Nez Perce, Yakima, Wannapum and Colville Indian tribes had given up their claims to the skeleton, the Umatilla tribe continued their court proceedings. To determine if the skelet on showed any relation to a Umatilla Indians cadaverous structure, further examination was done to compare the two. Science vs. Sacred Rights, which of the two outweighs the other? Now ask yourself this, from what has happened from the same case scenario of the Kennewick Man how would you carry it?A recent flood washed your grandmothers casket into a riverbed. Since her remains have been disturbed anyway, local scientist want to study them. Should they be allowed to? Why or why not? What about your great-grandmother? What about your great-great-grandmother? What about your great-great-great-grandmother? (etc.) What if studying her remains could benefit mankind? I believe that yes as disturbing as that may seem to have your grandmothers remains to be studied upon by strangers (scientist), If it would be better for humanity to learn from her past and to even have discovered something that she had that could change life itself, then yes I would be okay for scientist to do their test on her.Scientist discoveries could make a great ending for our future. Now, lets look at Sir Issac Newton who does just that. Even though he may not be a scientist but he does share the same motives and goals as one. Issac Newtons discoveries had many effects on the world without them we wouldnt have gotten far we would still be wondering what is motion, graveness and light is and what its there for. His discovery has opened doors for many people and also science. In the future we would have made much better things because of these tremendous discoveries and know and understand more about it and why its there for us. If we let scientist to continue their studies on the Kennewick Man, who knows what lies under the soil remains on him.thither could be a cure or something that kept him immune from diseases thousands of years ago. Also used by scientists to determine the where, what, why, when, and how of ancient organisms. Answering these questions will help in determining the environ ment and climate in which the organisms existed, adaptations made by the organisms to the environment and climate, type andamount of energy requirements of organisms, feeding habits, reproduction techniques, nesting habits, digestion methods, type of respiration, method of locomotion, hunting techniques, timing and cause of extinction events, and the progression of evolution. Fossils are also key indicators of possible fossil fuel deposits which are of great interest to humanity.The study of fossils also leads to discoveries and understanding of Earths processes which can benefit mankind. Study of the Cretaceous Tertiary extinction event eventually led to the hypothesis that a large angulate impacted Earth. Some astronomers are currently seeking out and cataloging possible impact asteroids in an attempt to predict such a future tragedy and help in preventing it.Do you believe that the Native Americans rights to Kennewick Man are stronger than that of the scientist? The confederate d tribes of The Umatilla, made up of Yakima, Nez Perce, Colville, and Wanapum. All five of these tribes have potential ties to Kennewick Man. These tribes share very similar religion, oral histories and traditions going back over 10,000 years as such, and remain are ancestral. The Native Americans call this ancestor, The antique One. Their people have been a part of this land since the beginning of time, all though scientists tell otherwise that Native Americans have migrated to this continent. With the fight between Kennewick Mans ownership, Native Americans have a strong argument for his reburial. The confederated tribes agree that the ancient one should be reburied as soon as possible.Stated by the Native Americans, in one case a corpse is buried under ground, it is meant to stay and not to be tampered with until the world is no more. Having the Ancient One unburied and out of the area is a disturbance to their ancestors. But science may not get the opportunity to make the desi red DNA tests. The local Umatilla Indians insist that the bones of Kennewick Man be surrendered to them for immediate reburial, as stipulated by the North American Graves Protection Act of 1990.But if the bones are truly those of a Caucasian, does the Act apply? And when does the scientific value of a skeleton outweigh native tradition? Ironically, the Umatilla Indians scoff at the idea of Asian diffusion across the Bering Strait. They claim that they have always lived in the Pacific NorthwestScientists have dug up and studied Native Americans for decades. We view this practice as a desecration of the body and a violation of our most deeply-held religious beliefs. -Armand MinthronThe Native Americans had a law passed in 1990, Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). This act protects all Native American cultural and burial resources from tampering. This act has required the return of artifacts and human remains that scientists have been digging up for years. With the law suits that scientist have rigid on the Native Americans of Kennewick Man, this act gives the Native Americans the right to file a claim to have the Ancient Ones remains reburied based of their beliefs that he is their ancestor. These tribes are expecting that the Federal Government will uphold to the NAGPRA and return the Ancient One. Scientist argues that there is a Wide range of interest in examining the Kennwick Man.In conclusion, although Native Americans find this to be desecrating to their ancestors, scientist should study Kennewick Man for two main reasons. First, studies could have solutions for present illnesses. But most importantly, studies could reveal a better future for humanity. manoeuvre Cited-Gibbons, Ann. DNA Enters Dust Up Over BonesJSTOR. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012.-Dr. Robson Bonnichsen, Mystery of the First Americans PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2012.-Glover, William. Kennewick Man and the Story of the Settlement of the New World. Conversation fo r Exploration. January 1, 2000. May 14, 2009. -Armand Minthorn. Ancient One / Kennewick Man. Ancient One / Kennewick Man. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. -Lemonick, Michael D. Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews. Time. Time, n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012.

Comparative Analysis of the Movie Essay Example for Free

Comparative Analysis of the Movie EssayThe picture shows have good reputation lines and scripts. Since both the movies were music and bounce based, the music of the movies has been very good. Fish Tank Nowhere Boy Year of Release 2009 2010 Genre and Theme gambling Drama Storyline brief/ Narrative Based on the life of the daughter who likes to go for the street dancing. Based on the life of the boy who was living with auntie and wanted to be a guitarist. Characters Leading citation of the movie is the 21st century girl but she lives alone and just practices her street dance. Leading character of the movie is the boy of 21st century too but wanted to learn playing guitar and want to forget everything of his past. Locations (Shown and Shot) Mardyke Estate in Havering Liverpool and at Ealing Studios in West London Costume Dressing Designer Culture represented Usually in the denim and T-shirt, boxers, track suits, hip-hop or street dance costumes. Jane Petrie Present culture So phisticated dressing as per the role requirement of a guitarist and usually in proper uniform like instill uniform or formal school uniform. Juliar Day Present culture.Settings of the movie This was the art movie and based on dance. The girl lived with mother and sister. This movie was alike the art movie but based on instrument playing. Single family of Aunt and John was the main setting. Attitude of leading characters towards the world In this movie, Mia lives single out from the world and she only do practice of her street dancing in her house. John live with his aunt and enjoy the social culture like passing out on trips, parties etc with friends. Mode of enjoyment of the leading characters Mia only likes to dance so she enjoys that. Johnson likes to play guitar and he only like to do that.Similarity The movie was based on an art form, teenager or youth oriented. The characters wanted to learn particular dance form. She saw a street dancer which force source of inspiration This movie was also based on art teenager or youth oriented. The character wanted to learn particular music. He attended a show which became his source of inspiration for learning and playing Guitar. Difference The movie is female oriented, where the comparatively new dance form of alley dancing has been focused. In this movie, the leading character wanted to learn guitar and enjoyed playing Guitar the most and was excellent with that.His passion for Guitar has made him practice as much as he could perform much beyond his age like professionals. Conclusion In both the movies, the main aspect was to show the life of the teenage girl and a boy that how the society deals with. In Fish Tank, Mia was the girl who got prize by the street dancers who were performing and in Nowhere Boy also, John got admired from the guitarist who can be able to play much better than the band. And in both the movies, director had shown clearly that the future is influenced by the past.So Mia got tighten in the movie Fish Tank as she heard that Connor had left them and in Nowhere Boy, John was also got irritated due to his past. These movies was generally build for the young generation people as they already have pressure of studies and their hobbies and what they want to be in their life. Society also provide pressure to them which case in making pressure in the mind of the child and due to this many children left studying and they got distracted from their hobbies too.Reference British Film fabrication available at http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/in_depth/entertainment/2003/british_film_industry/default. stmCurran and Porter, 1993 British Cinema History, London Weidenfeld Nicholson 9-23 Murphy, R. ed. , 2009 The British Cinema Book, London BFI, 1-64, 65-142 Fish Tank formal website http//www. michaelfassbender. org/episodesfte. html http//www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/film-reviews/fish-tank-film-review-1003973214. story Image Fish Tank from http//www. movieroar. com/images/fish -tankpster1. jpg Nowhere Boy Movie Review http//www. futuremovies. co. uk/review. asp? ID=1110 No Where Boy movie detail available at http//www. nowhereboy. co. uk/ http//www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/film-reviews/nowhere-boy-film-review-1004031851. story.

Ignorance Of Physical Health In Mental Illness

Ignorance Of Physical Health In Mental IllnessAccording to World wellness organization, Health is a domain of complete physiologic, affable and social well-being non merely the absence of disease and infirmity. From this definition it can be inferred that wellness includes three major constructions and submitation of all aspects of health spot providing cargon to the patients is very measurable. This definition applies on both psychiatric and medicine field because without holistic trade it is impossible to achieve a complete state of wellbeing. The health c ar professionals taking care of visiblely bedrid patients also consider their mental health (Sturgeon, 2007). On the other hand physiologic health of patients with serious mental indisposition is neglected which leads to spunky premature mortality rates in this population group (brown, 2012).Writing on this topic forget do in understanding about importance of holistic care in mental health care setting.According to (Thornicroft, 2011) 20-year mortality gap for men, and 15 geezerhood for women, is still experienced by people with mental illness in high-income countries. The combination of life style risk factors for chronic diseases, higher rates of unnatural deaths and Poorer physical healthcare contri preciselyes to this scandal of premature mortality. It shows that high mortality rate in mentally ill patients is due to the ignorance of physical health so it is important to consider the physical health of such patients to maintain good quality of life.Likewise, I have witnessed the ignorance of physical health during clinical in Karwan-e-Hayat.18 years old pistillate was admitted in Karwan-e-Hayat with diagnose of schizophrenia. On clinical day I saw that she was sitting in her bed shivering and constantly going to wash room. I informed supply about her condition but they ignored and say she will be all right. Next day she was in same situation, feel very tired and anxious again I in formed staff but they did not do anything. Next week when we went there I asked staff about her condition they told that she was suffering from severe diarrhea and was admitted in Zia-u-din hospital.Reflecting on this scenario its very upsetting that staff are ignoring physical health of patients which leads to more aberrance of their health, economic burden, and many other unexpected out comes such as death and serious illnesses.Mentally ill patients are more prone to physical illness then the general population because of many reasons such as lack of exercise, high rates of smoking and poorer diet contributes to higher rates of hypertension, high plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory illness etc. (Chacn, 2011). Moreover some researches also show that there is strong genetic relationship amongst some psychological and physiological illness such as diabetes and schizophrenia that people with diabetes have the tend ency to get schizophrenia. Patients with severe mental illness are unable to maintain a healthy behavior which leads to many serious physical illnesses. So it is the duty of health care professionals to provide holistic care to these patients. Further somatic pain is also a reason for example, when such patient complains about pain staff perceives it as somatic delusion and they did not do any assessment which leads to further consequences.Thornicroft (2011) states there are many barriers which contribute to physical illness. He gives the concept of diagnostic overshadowing that people with mental illness receive worse cover upment for physical disorders. For example people with co-morbid mental illness and diabetes that presented to an emergency department, were less likely to be admitted to hospital for diabetic complications than those with no mental illness. It may be also due to the negative stereotyping and stigma related to the illness. Furthermore work load and shortage of staff is a factor because of workload the staff is unable to give time to individual patient. On the other hand lack of accomplished staff, lack and ignorance of daily assessment by trained staff leads to various physical health problems in mentally ill patients. For example in the above mentioned scenario the patient was shivering and was frequently going to washroom but the staff did not take notice of it and later it was found that the patient was having severe diarrhea. Brown(2012) added that health disparities experienced by these people is due to poverty, social isolation, problems accessing health assessment or lack of resources from oversight like tools and equipments to assess the physical symptoms of patients e.g. there is no BP cough to assess the BP of patients. Moreover mentally ill patients are unable to identify problem in their own body because of altered thought process and side effects of psychotic medication such as seizures, hypotension extra pyramidal symptom s these all factors contribute to serious physical illnesses.According to Maslows Hierarchy of Needs physical needs and health are most important to be fulfilled. He says that physiological needs are deficiency needs, meaning that these needs are important in order to avoid unpleasant consequences. These physiological needs include the most basic needs that are important to survival, such as the need for water, air, food, sleep, and health. So from this model we can infer that physical health and needs are very important in order to maintain a healthy life.Mentally ill people are appearing to give less priority to their physical health needs. Health promotion for such people should aim to raise awareness of variable high-risk lifestyle factors and their control (Buhagiar, 2011). For example it is the responsibility of health care providers and family members to provide awareness to the clients about reducing risk factors that cause physical illness such as sedentary life style, smo king, drug abuse, and consumption of unhealthy diet. Additionally (Buhagiar, 2011)added that locus of control in mentally ill patients is external as compared to physically ill patients, so here comes the main role of health care providers and family members to change their behavior and performing daily assessment of such patients. The timely assessment will help care givers to act pro-actively and take prophylactic measures to control behaviors and diseases in mentally ill patients.Furthermore (Tsay, 2007) explain that we need multidimensional strategy to inflict disparities in physical health of mentally ill patients. For example integration of mental and physical health services will be of some upbeat like in above discussed scenario the patient was only receiving care for mental illness, so to provide holistic care the management of such organizations should focus on both mental and physical aspects of health and make sure the availability of physicians and equipments needed f or the assessment, treatment and health promotion of such patients.In addition (brown, 2012) mental health nurses and clinicians should play an active role in health promotion, primary prevention and the early detection and management of physical health problems. This would only be achieved when the health care providers are trained and competent in their skills such as therapeutic communication, proper physical assessment, and other psychomotor skills. So the management of any health care organization should arrange different training sessions for providing latest and reliable information that will help staff to provide holistic care, to refresh their knowledge with new researches and make sure the ongoing evaluation and analysis of training sessions. Thus the improvement in all these aspects will help care givers to provide holistic care to mentally ill patients and contribute to complete state of wellbeing.In conclusion, the physical health of mentally ill patients should be part of the field of action of psychiatric practitioners. Health consists of physical, mental, and social aspects, consideration of all three aspects is very essential change in one aspect will lead to distortion of health. There for it is the duty of health organizations and health care providers to prevent illness promote and restore health and to do screening, diagnosis, and treat physical illness of mentally ill patients. Here my suggestion is that as health care professional we have to consider all three aspects of health and it is our duty to provide holistic care to the patients to achieve a complete state of health.

Management By Objectives MBO Commerce Essay

Management By Objectives MBO Commerce EssayAccording to George Odiome, MBO is a process whereby superior and subordinate managers of an Organization jointly define its common goals, define each individuals major aras of responsibility in terms of results expected of him and riding habit these measures as guides for operating the unit and assessing the contribution of each of its members.Management by objectives was initial popularized by Peter Drucker in 1954 book The Practice of Management. Drucker drafted MBOs as an snuggle to get the management and employees to jointly draw goals to achieve known as objectives. The main purpose for setting objectives was to give both the managers and employees a clear discretion of what they were expected to do in the g everywherenance in order to achieve the objectives set. The objectives were set during certain time periods which at the end of the period two appraising(prenominal) per kneadances are carried go forth to determine the exte nt to which the set objectives had been achieved. An example of an objective includes attaining a sales or profit target by the end of a financial year.In the modern world of championship where gaining competitive over competitors has became integrity of the main goals by shaping, Management by Objective has become one of the most widely accepted philosophy of management as stated by Gaurav Akrani 2010. One of the factors that has made MBO the most acceptable management approach is its demanding and honour styles of management. MBO further received recognition when it becomes an integral part of The HP way. Hewlett-Packard incorporated this management technique at every level within the comp any managers had to bewilder objectives and integrate them with those of other mangers and of the company as a whole. (The Economist, 2009) This approach focuses attention on the achievement of objectives through involvement of the concerned parties. For example pipe bowl edifice strong t eam spirit as MBO is mainly based on the assumption that people achieve more when they know what is expected of them and puke impact their personal goals to plaqueal objectives. Other features of MBO include good subordinate participation, joint goal setting, support and encouragement from top level manager to subordinates.MBO is a representative style of management approach where every subordinate is involved and encouraged to participate towards achieving organizational objectives. MBO is an approach to planning that aims to overcome barriers that might stop an organization from achieving its objectives. It involves the setting up of goals by managers and their subordinate carrying together by specifying responsibilities and assigning authority for achieving the goals. The final step involves constant monitor of performance so as to initiate continuous improvement.Features of Management of ObjectivesThe following are the prominent characteristics of MBOAll activities are goal oriented. The first important feature of the MBO is that under it only the activities happen to be goal-oriented (Dr.R.Singla 2010-11). This agent that MBO concentrates on the determination of unit and individual goals in with organizational goals. These goals set state responsibilities of different parts of the organization and service to coordinate the organization with its parts and its environment.Integration among Organizational, Departmental and Objectives the basis of the MBO is setting of Objectives jointly by the supervisors and subordinates and their effective realization (Dr.R.Singla 2010-11)With the MBO approach the objectives are decide in the following orderFigure 1Organizational ObjectivesDepartment ObjectivesPersonal ObjectivesThe above figure shows that first of all the objectives of the organization are set. Then the departmental objectives are decided which essential be in line with the objective of the organization. The third sub step is personal objectives which involves individual objectives being determined first before departmental objectives can be achieved. To sum it up this process is followed to minimize clashes or oppositions at any level regarding the determined objectives.MBO views organization as Dynamic Entity this feature considers the organization as a dynamic entity. This means that every organization is affected by various external and infixed factors and then the organization is considered to be a dynamic unit. The dynamic nature affects the objectives which as a result feed it possible that the objectives set today may non be realized. In such an event the organization might be compel act swiftly to change its objectivesMBO is a Participative Attempt the MBO process is characterized by high level of participation of the concerned people in goal setting and performance appraisal (Kuldeep 2010). Increased participation provides the opportunity to influence finalitys and make clear job relationship with managers a nd their subordinates.MBO Matches the Objectives and Resources The objectives set when the MBO approach is adopted by organization are based on the resources uncommitted so as to vitiate having incomplete tasks or activities because of the lack of resources. Dr.R.Singla. (2010-11).MBO is a Philosophy and not a Technique MBO is not a technique of management but its a philosophy, because a technique can only be applied or apply in a one department and its effects will only be felt on the particular department. For example an inventory technique can only be used in relation to stock control and it cannot be used in another department like HRM.MBO gives more ferocity to Review and Performance Appraisal regular appraisal of the work performance of employees form one the important characteristics of MBO. This Philosophy helps observe whether all the employees are performing at the expected level and also identify if there is any impediments in their work performance.MBO provides more freedom to Subordinates with MBO Philosophy the subordinates are not only associated with the task of coming up with the objectives but they also get complete freedom in the performance of their work. This philosophy gives them the right to make decisions related to their designation and as a result this increases their importance which improves their interest and job satisfaction.MBO gives more vehemence to results and not to work with the MBO philosophy more focus is given to results. The subordinates have the freedom to choose which technique to adopt to achieve the final result. This means that the subordinates are expected to give the best possible results regardless of the technique used.Steps in Management by Objectives PlanningPeter Drucker identified fives steps for MBO as shown in figure 1http//www.mindtools.com/media/MBO.jpg ancestry (http//www.mindtools.com)The five steps explainedSet of organizational Objectives this is the first step which involves setting of the org anizational objectives. Objective setting begins with the conducting of an internal and external analysis to determine the level of efficiency, threats and opportunities.Cascading Objective Down to Employees This second stages involves communicating of the set goals and objectives from the top level management to subordinates till they reach everyone. Drucker used the SMART acronym to make as a tool to make the make MBO objective setting more effective so as to set goals that were attainable and to which workers felt accountable toFor example the founder of Microsoft corporation Bill Gates adopted a MBO approach to keep every employee informed the about the companys objectives by following the guidelines belowEliminate politics, by giving everybody the same message.Keep a flat organization in which all issues are discussed openly.Insist on clear and direct communicationPrevent competing Missions or objectivesEliminate rivalry between different parts of the organizationEmpower teams to do their own thingsSource (www.1000advices.com)Encourage Participation in Goal Setting step three aims to get everyone to understand how their personal goals fit in with the objective of the organization. This is done when goals and objectives at all levels are shared and discussed so as to get everyone understand how things are conducted and then sets their own goals that are in line with the organization objectives. supervise this stage involves developing actions plans after setting objectives, it is important to establish a proper monitoring system which keeps track of the progress made towards achieving the set goals, the monitoring system helps the organization identify deviations or barriers that could slow down the organization from achieving its goals. If any barriers are identified then the corrective actions are taken to set the organization on the right courseEvaluate and Reward Performance. This last step involves rewarding the desired performance. MBOs main focus i s to improve performance at all levels so as to achieve higher efficiency. In order to ensure this happen a good evaluation system has to be dictate in sit to evaluate employees performance and in turn motivate employees as they strive to achieve the set objectives.Advantages of Management by ObjectivesOver the eld since Peter Drucker popularized this philosophy it has become one of the widely adopted by organizations because of the various usefulnesssOne of the advantages of MBO is that it improves resource and activity management (Rahman 2009). This maneuvers to better utilization of available of resources and this can be beneficial to the organization in many ways. One is the increase in efficiency which reduces wastage and improves productivity which as a result would lead to increased profits for the organization.The second advantage is that MBO keeps every employee informed. Since all the employees in the organizations are encouraged to participate in setting the objectiv es, all of them know their responsibilities. This guides employees to work better as their responsibilities are clearly outlined and reduce the possibility of them going off trackThe third advantage is that MBO improves employees motivation. Involving all employees in decision making make employees feel valued by the organization and due to this employee commitment is improved. This can good for the organization because a motivated and committed work force will strive to do their best and in turn help the organization achieve its desired results.The forth advantage of MBO is that it facilitates effective control. Due to the continuous monitoring approach employed by MBO this can be useful in guiding the organization to achieve better results. The Monitoring system can be used to by the organization to gauge the performance against the laid down standard and undesired deviations are corrected in time.The fifth advantage of MBO is that it encourages innovations. (Drucker, P. (1986). T he MBO philosophy puts more focus on the results in order to achieve the objectives rather than procedure to achieve the objectives. This gives subordinates freedom on how, which method to employ in order to achieve the required results. This can be beneficial to the organization as innovation help an organization gain competitive advantage trough new ideas and products.Disadvantages of Management by ObjectivesHowever as much Management by Objective may be beneficial to organizations there some limitations or disadvantages worth being mentioned.The first disadvantage is that MBO put employees under pressure. MBO being a result focused philosophy pressure is exerted on all the levels of the organization so as to attain the objectives. This might a bad thing for the organization as pressured employees might be stressed out due to the emphasis put on results within the organization and this could lead to high labour turnover. This could cost the organization a fortune as the organizati on could be forced to recruit and train new employees.The second disadvantage is that MBO is time consuming. In order for MBO to be successful regular meetings and exchange of reports have to be conducted. This means managers have to speed a lot time in attending and preparing reports for the meetings while they could be focusing in performing important tasks that are over looked. These over looked could create a hindrance of in attaining the objectives laid down.The third disadvantage is that MBO puts more importance to fiddling term objectives. In order for an organization to achieve it ultimate goals and success the long term and short term goals should be given equal importance. However the MBO philosophy tends to give more attentions to the short term objectives and due to this employees are more concerned by the short term objectives. This creates a situation where they want to be successful at any cost within the shortest time possible and such a situation could be costly to the organization in the long run.CONCLUSIONManagement by Objectives might be seen as an outdated management philosophy by modern managers today but I believe it still has a place in modern management.If carefully aligned with the culture of the organization MBO can be quite beneficial to the any organization as from this report the advantages out weight the disadvantages. Also For example Intel has been successive due to the use of MBO However as stated by Drucker MBO is just another tool. It is not the great bring to for management inefficiency Management by objectives works if you know the objectives 90% of the time you dont. In order for MBO to be successful in Modern management managers and subordinates must closely work together to constantly update their short term and long term objectives from time to time due to the ever change business environment. Also an effective communication structure has to be place to as to allow managers and subordinates to easily set and communi cate objectives to all concerned employees.

The Effects Of Living At Walden Essay -- Henry David Thoreau Walden Ph

In 1854, henry David Thoreau gave us what would become his around famous non-fiction book, Walden or life in the Woods. In this, Thoreau describes his tramp at Walden Pond near Concord, Massachusetts. Thoreau decided that he was going to live purposely in the woods for over two years and live reach of a limited economy and isolate himself from society in order to gain a more objective understanding of it. But one has to gather up the question, what does Thoreau mean that he wants to live deliberately? Thoreau himself said that he wanted to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not shoot what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.(Thoreau, 61) He wanted to live deliberately because he believed that the way we live in society is not truly living, it is superficial. It is superficial because of our dependence on material things that in Thoreaus mind dont really matter and can be sacrificed withou t risking what Thoreau would call actual living. Thoreau believes our dependence on material items is so great that we do not see the majesty of what this world has to offer, we cannot experience the grandeur of nature. So the living deliberately would mean to live with the basic essentials, building a little shelter to shield from harsh elements, living off the food we can grow or gather, and to cut ourselves off from immense contact with society in order to figure out our real purpose in the world. I would argue that Thoreau not only truly lived deliberately and became better versed in the ways of society, but also more versed in alternative ways of cover something that is common in life, the human brain for example. Living deliberately is show... ... side was spiritual, not unlike the spiritual retreats or pilgrimage of religions. The third side is more neurological, reaching into his own mind and into those of his readers. After spending time in the woods, it would appear th at Thoreau reached more insight into his own mind and its inner workings, developing something most people dont have. I believe it would be safe to assume that almost no one would take the sight of a liquefy bank and compare it to the neurological workings of the brain.Works CitedBrain Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 11 Nov. 2008, 1321 UTC. 11 Nov. 2008 http//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brain&oldid=251094037Thoreau, Henry David, William John Rossi, and Henry David Thoreau. Walden and, Resistance to Civil Government Authoritative Texts, Thoreaus Journal, Reviews, and Essays in Criticism. New York W.W. Norton, 1992.

I Know What You Did Last Summer :: essays research papers

1) Julie, prick, Helen, and Barry are four close friends, Julie and Ray being a couple and Barry and Helen to a fault being one. Being high school students, they went late one night up to a clearing in the forest to hang out. When driving home, they had been a little drunk and were still kissing, they ran over a ten year old kid, David Gregg, who was riding a bicycle. Ray had been driving. The four kept driving until they reached a telephone, where an anonymous ambulance was called for help for the child. The four formed a pact as to keep the incident between them and not to anyone else. Julie and Ray had been against it, but agreed and do it. After that happened, Julie and Ray isolated themselves from the rest of the group. Julie, normally a highly school activity involved social girl, turned to studying and working life-threatening for her senior year, having a new boyfriend named Bud. Ray totally fled the scene, moving to be carefree in California for a year. Helen and Barry r emained a couple, Barry going to the local University and Helen being the channel 5 Golden Girl, or weather reporter. The real plot of the story begins with Julie receiving a note at home simply stating I know what you did last summer. She gets upset over it and after not talking to her for a year since the incident, calls Helen to talk to her. Helen arranges a meeting for the three, but they all bring over each other that it was just a kid pulling a prank. That blows over until Ray finally shows up, and upon finding an apartment, is mailed the article about the incident. Ray and Julie take a drive to talk about the note and article, and Julie convinces Ray to take her to see Davids parents. Not confess, just meet and ask about. They arrived at the house and rung the doorbell a few times, only to meet Megan, the sister of David. She told Julie, while Ray was off calling for help for their car, that Davids mother was put in a hospital due to an unstable mental state, her father sta ying by her side. Her older brother was off and out of the house. Anyway, as they left, Ray notes that Megan was hanging up mens shirts to dry and the houses paint looked fairly new and in places that Megan, who was short, couldnt reach, even with a ladder.